Atlas
Contents
Detailed version anterior
Suboccipitalis short
Suboccipitalis detailed
Anatomy
Obliquus capitis inferior
Position
- Deep
Origin
- Processus spinosi of Axis (C2)
Insertion
- Processus transversi of Atlas (C1)
Main function
- Atlas:
- Ipsilateral rotation
Nerve innervation
- Segmental:
- C1
- Peripheral:
- Suboccipital nerve
Arterial supply
- Deep cervical artery
- Descending branch of occipital artery
- Muscular branches of the vertebral artery
Obliquus capitis superior
Position
- Deep
Origin
- Processus transversi of the Atlas (C1)
Insertion
- Occiput, between the superior and inferior nucheal line
Main function
- Atlanto-occipital joint:
- Extension
Secondary function
- Atlanto-occipital joint:
- Lateral flexion
Nerve innervation
- Segmental:
- C1
- Peripheral:
- Suboccipital nerve
Arterial supply
- Occipital artery
- Deep cervical artery
- Muscular branches of the vertebral artery
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Position
- Deep
Origin
- Posterior tubercle of the Atlas (C1)
Insertion
- Occiput, medial 1/2 of the inferior nuchal line
Main function
- Atlanto-occipital joint:
- Extension
Nerve innervation
- Segmental:
- C1
- Peripheral:
- Suboccipital nerve
Arterial supply
- Occipital artery
- Muscular branches of the vertebral artery
- Deep cervical artery
Rectus capitis anterior
Position
- Deep
Origin
- Anterior surface of base of processus transversi on the Atlas (C1)
Insertion
- Occiput, inferior surface of the basilar part
Main function
- Atlanto-occipital joint:
- Flexion
Nerve innervation
- Segmental:
- C1-C2
- Peripheral:
- Ventral rami of the cervical spinal nerves
Arterial supply
- Vertebral artery
Rectus capitis lateralis
Position
- Deep
Origin
- Superior surface of processus transversi of the Atlas (C1)
Insertion
- Occiput, the inferior surface of the jugular process
Main function
- Atlanto-occipital joint:
- Lateral flexion
Nerve innervation
- Segmental:
- C1-C2
- Peripheral:
- Ventral rami of the cervical spinal nerves
Arterial supply
- Vertebral artery
- Occipital artery
Levator scapula
Muscle attachment zones
Position
- Deep
Origin
- Processus transversi C1-C4
Insertion
- Angulus superior scapula
- Superior medial aspect of the scapula
- Root of the spina scapula
Main function
- Scapula:
- Elevation
- Neck:
- Extension
- Lateral flexion
Secondary function
- Neck:
- Ipsilateral rotation
- Scapula:
- Downward rotation
- Retraction
Nerve innervation
- Segmental: C3-C5
- Peripheral: Nervus dorsalis scapula
Arterial supply
- Dorsal scapular artery
Splenius cervicis
Position
- Deep
Origin
- Processus spinosi Th3-Th6
Insertion
- Processus transversi C1-C3
Main function
- Neck:
- Extension
- Lateral flexion
- Ipsilateral rotation
Nerve innervation
- Posterior rami of the lower cervical spinal nerves
Arterial supply
- Occipital artery
Longus colli
Position
- Deep
Origin
- Processus transversi C3-C5
- Anterior bodies of C5-Th3
Insertion
- Anterior arch of Atlas
- Processus transversi C5-C6
- Anterior bodies of C2-C4
Main function
- Neck:
- Flexion
Secondary function
- Neck:
- Lateral flexion
- Contalateral rotation
Nerve innervation
- Segmental:
- C2-C6
- Peripheral:
- Cervical spinal nerves
Arterial supply
- Inferior thyroid artery
- Vertebral artery
- Ascending pharyngeal artery