Contents
Referred pain pattern
Muscles involved
- Gemellus superior
- Obturator internus
- Gemellus inferior
- Obturator externus
- Quadratus femoris
Symptoms
- Entrapment of sciatic nerve
- Paraesthesia in lower back, groin, buttocks
- SI-joint dysfunction
- Problems with and pain while defecating
- Pain during sexual intercourse (female)
- Impotence (male)
Videos
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MyoFascial line
Deep ventral line
- Suprahyoid muscles
- Infrahyoid muscles
- Scaleni
- Fascia prevertebralis
- Longus colli and capitis
- Pericardium
- Mediastinum
- Parietal pleura
- Fascia pretrachialis
- Fascia endothoracica
- Transversus Thoracis
- Diaphragma
- Anterior longitudinal ligament
- Iliopsoas
- Pectineus
- Anterior intermuscular septum
- Adductor brevis and longus
- Anterior sacral fascia
- Pelvic floor fascia
- Levator ani
- Obturator internus fascia
- Posterior intermuscular septum
- Adductor Magnus and minimus
- Fascia Popliteus, knee capsule
- Tibialis posterior
- Flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus
Additional Functional Muscles Supporting The Deep Ventral Line
- Deep lateral rotators of the hip
- Is fascially connected to the Adductor Magnus
- Quadratus lumborum
- The anterior surface is fascially continous to the iliacus
Synergists
Hip - Lateral rotation
- Gluteus Maximus
- Gluteus Medius (posterior fibers)
- Gluteus Minimus (posterior fibers)
- Piriformis
- Superior Gemellus
- Inferior Gemellus
- Obturator Internus
- Obturator Externus
- Quadratus Femoris
- Sartorius
- Psoas Major
- Iliacus
- Biceps Femoris
Antagonists
Hip - Medial rotation
- Gluteus Medius (anterior fibers)
- Gluteus Minimus (anterior fibers)
- Tensor Fascia Latae
- Semitendinosus (secondary function)
- Semimembranosus (secondary function)
- Piriformis (secondary function)
Anatomy
Obturatoris Externus
Position
- Deep
Origin
- External surface of the obturator membrane
- External surface of obturator foramen on os ischium and os pubis
Insertion
- Trochanteric fossa femoralis
Main function
- Hip
- Lateral rotation
Secondary function
- Pelvis
- Contralateral rotation
Nerve innervation
- Segmental
- L3-L4
- Peripheral
- Nervus obturator
Arterial supply
- Obturator artery
Obturator Internus
Position
- Deep
Origin
- Internal surface of the obturator foramen
- Pelvic surface of ischium posterior
- Obturator membrana
- Obturator fascia
Insertion
- Trochanter major, medial surface proximal to the trochanteric fossa
Main function
- Hip:
- Lateral rotation
Secondary function
- Hip
- Abduction
- Pelvis
- Contralateral rotation
Nerve innervation
- Segmental
- L5-S2
- Peripheral
- Plexus sacralis
Arterial supply
- Superior gluteal artery
- Inferior gluteal artery
- Obturator artery
Inferior Gemellus
Position
- Deep
Origin
- Tuberositas ischiadicum, superior part
Insertion
- Trochanter major femoris, medial surface
Main function
- Hip:
- Lateral rotation
Secondary function
- Hip
- Adduction
- Pelvis
- Contralateral rotation
Nerve innervation
- Segmental
- L5-S1
- Peripheral
- Plexus sacralis
Arterial supply
- Inferior gluteal artery
- Obturator artery
Superior Gemellus
Position
- Deep
Origin
- External surface of spina ischium
- External surface of membrana obturator
Insertion
- Trochanter major femoris, medial surface
Main function
- Hip
- Lateral rotation
Secondary function
- Hip
- Abduction
- Pelvis
- Contralateral rotation
Nerve innervation
- Segmental
- L5-S2
- Peripheral:
- Plexus sacralis
Arterial supply
- Inferior gluteal artery
Quadratus Femoris
Position
- Deep
Origin
- Tuberositas ischiadicum, lateral part
Insertion
- Crista intertrochanterica femoris, and section just inferiorly to crista intertrochanterica
Main function
- Hip
- Lateral rotation
Secondary function
- Hip
- Adduction
- Pelvis
- Contralateral rotation
Nerve innervation
- Segmental
- L5-S1
- Peripheral
- Plexus sacralis
Arterial supply
- Inferior gluteal artery
- Obturator artery